{"id":84,"date":"2013-02-24T17:03:23","date_gmt":"2013-02-24T15:03:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.xn--edebiyatgretmeni-twb.net\/edebiyat\/?p=84"},"modified":"2013-02-24T17:03:23","modified_gmt":"2013-02-24T15:03:23","slug":"hikaye_ozellikleri_cesitleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.xn--edebiyatgretmeni-twb.net\/edebiyat\/hikaye_ozellikleri_cesitleri.htm","title":{"rendered":"Hikaye \u00d6zellikleri ve \u00c7e\u015fitleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da dosyan\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

A\u00e7\u0131klama:<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0Say\u0131n G\u00f6n\u00fcl Battal \u00f6\u011fretmenimiz, hikaye ile ilgili olarak \u00f6\u011frencilerimizin bilmesi gereken t\u00fcm bilgileri tek bir dosyada toplam\u0131\u015f. Bu dosyada \u00f6\u011fretmenimiz, hikaye ile ilgili bilgiye, hikayenin \u00f6zelliklerine , yap\u0131 unsurlar\u0131na, hikaye \u00e7e\u015fitlerine, hikayede plana, T\u00fcrk edebiyat\u0131nda hikaye t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn tarihsel geli\u015fimine , hikaye temsilcilerine yer vermi\u015ftir. Dosyay\u0131 indirerek \u00f6\u011frencilerimize da\u011f\u0131tman\u0131z\u0131 tavsiye ediyoruz.<\/p>\n

H\u0130KAYE \u00a0 \u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hik\u00e2ye\u201d, T\u00fcrk k\u00fclt\u00fcr tarihinde en az\u0131ndan bin y\u0131ll\u0131k ge\u00e7mi\u015fe sahip \u00a0giderek zenginle\u015fen bir m\u00e2n\u00e2 \u00e7emberi i\u00e7inde,\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0hem kelime hem de kavram olarak \u00a0kullan\u0131lan \u201chikaye\u201d\u00a0 s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00a0Arap\u00e7adaki \u00a0\u00a0\u201chakave\u201d k\u00f6k\u00fcnden \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0gelmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0130ngiliz\u00a0 edebiyat\u0131nda\u00a0 \u201c Story\u201d,\u00a0 frans\u0131zcada \u201c histoire\u201d , Almancada \u201cGeshichte\u201d olarak\u00a0 kullan\u0131lan\u00a0 hikaye, Ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f\u00a0 ya\u00a0 da ya\u015fanabilecek\u00a0 \u015fekilde\u00a0 tasarlanm\u0131\u015f\u00a0\u00a0 olaylar\u0131\u00a0 ki\u015filere\u00a0 ba\u011fl\u0131\u00a0 olarak\u00a0 belli\u00a0 bir\u00a0 yer\u00a0 ve\u00a0 zaman i\u00e7inde\u00a0\u00a0 anlatan\u00a0\u00a0 t\u00fcrd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 1 \u2013 Olay\u00a0 ki\u015fi yer ve\u00a0 zaman\u00a0 unsurlar\u0131ndan\u00a0 olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 2-\u00a0\u00a0 Olay\u00a0 ve\u00a0 ki\u015filer\u00a0 ger\u00e7e\u011fe\u00a0 uygundur.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 3 – ya\u015fan\u0131lan\u00a0 yer\u00a0 ve\u00a0 zaman\u00a0 bellidir.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 4-\u00a0\u00a0 Yer\u00a0 betimlemeleri\u00a0 ile\u00a0 kahramanlar\u0131n\u00a0 ruhsal\u00a0 ve\u00a0 ki\u015fisel\u00a0 \u00f6zelliklerine\u00a0 yer\u00a0 verilir.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 5 \u2013 Ele al\u0131nan\u00a0 bir\u00a0 olay\u00a0 ya\u00a0 da\u00a0 durum\u00a0 seri\u00a0 d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00a0 ve\u00a0 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00a0 plan\u0131na\u00a0 uygun\u00a0 i\u015flenerek\u00a0 sonu\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 6 \u2013 A\u00e7\u0131k\u00a0 yal\u0131n ve\u00a0 ak\u0131c\u0131\u00a0 bir\u00a0 dil\u00a0 kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 YAPI\u00a0 UNSURLARI <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1)\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0OLAY:<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0 Hik\u00e2yede\u00a0 \u00fczerinde \u00a0s\u00f6z\u00a0 s\u00f6ylenen\u00a0 ya\u015fant\u0131\u00a0 ya da\u00a0 durumdur<\/p>\n

2) \u00a0 K\u0130\u015e\u0130LER:\u00a0<\/strong><\/span> Olay\u0131n\u00a0 olu\u015fmas\u0131nda\u00a0 etkili olan ya\u00a0 da olay\u0131\u00a0 ya\u015fayan\u00a0 insanlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0YER:\u00a0<\/span><\/strong> Olay\u0131n\u00a0\u00a0 ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0 \u00e7evre\u00a0 veya\u00a0 mek\u00e2nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0ZAMAN :<\/strong><\/span> Olay\u0131n\u00a0 ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0 d\u00f6nem,\u00a0 an\u00a0\u00a0 mevsim\u00a0 ya\u00a0 da\u00a0\u00a0 g\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

5)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0D\u0130L\u00a0 VE\u00a0 ANLATIM :\u00a0<\/strong><\/span> Hik\u00e2yenin dili a\u00e7\u0131k,\u00a0 ak\u0131c\u0131\u00a0 ve\u00a0 g\u00fcnl\u00fck\u00a0 konu\u015fma\u00a0 dilinden\u00a0 farkl\u0131 olarak, etkili\u00a0 s\u00f6zc\u00fck,\u00a0\u00a0deyim\u00a0\u00a0atas\u00f6z\u00fc\u00a0 ve\u00a0 tamlamalarla\u00a0\u00a0 zenginle\u015ftirilmi\u015f\u00a0\u00a0 g\u00fczel\u00a0\u00a0 bir\u00a0\u00a0 dil\u00a0 olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Anlat\u0131m\u00a0 ise:\u00a0 iki\u00a0 \u015fekilde\u00a0 olur\u00a0\u00a0 Hik\u00e2ye\u00a0 kahramanlar\u0131ndan\u00a0 birinin a\u011fz\u0131ndan \u00a0yap\u0131lan\u00a0 anlat\u0131m\u00a0 \u201chik\u00e2yede\u00a0 birinci\u00a0 ki\u015fili\u00a0 anlat\u0131m\u201d ;\u00a0 Olay\u0131\u00a0 uzaktan\u00a0 g\u00f6zlemleyen\u00a0 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fi a\u011fz\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan anlat\u0131m \u00e9 tarafs\u0131z bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131yla yap\u0131lan anlat\u0131m Her \u015feyi\u00a0 bilen k\u00fc\u015f\u00fc a\u011fz\u0131ndan\u00a0 yap\u0131lan\u00a0 anlat\u0131m \u201c \u0130lahi\u00a0 bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131yla \u201c<\/p>\n

H\u0130K\u00c2YEDE\u00a0\u00a0 PL\u00c2N:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Hik\u00e2yenin\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 plan\u0131\u00a0 da\u00a0\u00a0 di\u011fer\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 yaz\u0131\u00a0 t\u00fcrlerinde\u00a0\u00a0 oldu\u011fu\u00a0 gibi \u00fc\u00e7\u00a0 b\u00f6l\u00fcmden\u00a0 olu\u015fur; ancak bu\u00a0 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerin\u00a0 adlar\u0131\u00a0 farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Bunlar:<\/p>\n

1) SER\u0130M:\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0 Hikayenin\u00a0\u00a0 giri\u015f\u00a0\u00a0 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr.Bu\u00a0 b\u00f6l\u00fcmde\u00a0 olay\u0131n ge\u00e7ti\u011fi\u00a0 \u00e7evre ,\u00a0 ki\u015filer tan\u0131t\u0131larak\u00a0 ana\u00a0 olaya giri\u015f\u00a0 yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

2)D\u00dc\u011e\u00dcM<\/strong> <\/span>: Hikayenin\u00a0 b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00a0 y\u00f6nleriyle\u00a0 anlat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 en\u00a0 geni\u015f\u00a0 b\u00f6l\u00fcmd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

3)\u00c7\u00d6Z\u00dcM :<\/strong> <\/span>Hikayenin sonu\u00e7\u00a0 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u00a0 olup\u00a0\u00a0 merak\u0131n bir\u00a0 sonuca ba\u011flanarak\u00a0 giderildi\u011fi b\u00f6l\u00fcmd\u00fcr<\/p>\n

Ancak\u00a0 b\u00fct\u00fcn hikayelerde\u00a0 bu pl\u00e2n uygulanmaz ,\u00a0 baz\u0131\u00a0 \u00f6yk\u00fclerde\u00a0 ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7\u00a0 ve sonu\u00e7\u00a0 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u00a0 yoktur .Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmler\u00a0 okuyucu\u00a0 taraf\u0131ndan\u00a0 tamamlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

H\u0130KAYE \u00c7E\u015e\u0130TLER\u0130<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hik\u00e2ye, hayat\u0131n\u00a0 b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc\u00a0 i\u00e7inde\u00a0 fakat\u00a0 bir\u00a0 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u00a0 \u00fczerine\u00a0 kurulmu\u015f\u00a0 derinli\u011fi\u00a0 olan\u00a0 bir\u00a0 b\u00fcy\u00fcte\u00e7tir.\u00a0 Bu b\u00fcy\u00fcte\u00e7\u00a0 alt\u0131nda\u00a0 kimi\u00a0 zaman\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 olay\u00a0 bir\u00a0 plan\u00a0 i\u00e7inde , ki\u015fi,\u00a0 zaman,\u00a0 \u00e7evre\u00a0 ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131\u00a0 i\u00e7inde\u00a0\u00a0 hikaye\u00a0 boyunca\u00a0 irdelenir.\u00a0 Kimi\u00a0 zaman\u00a0 da b\u00fcy\u00fctecin\u00a0 alt\u0131nda\u00a0 incelenen\u00a0 olay\u00a0 de\u011fil,\u00a0 hayat\u0131n\u00a0 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u00a0 bir\u00a0 kesiti, insan\u00a0 ger\u00e7e\u011finin\u00a0 kendisidir\u00a0 Bu\u00a0 da \u00f6yk\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00a0 \u00e7e\u015fitlerini\u00a0 olu\u015fturur.\u00a0 Buna\u00a0 g\u00f6re<\/p>\n

1) OLAY ( KLAS\u0130K\u00a0 VAK\u2019A )\u00a0 H\u0130K\u00c2YES\u0130 :<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0 Bir\u00a0 olay\u0131\u00a0 ele\u00a0 alarak,\u00a0 serim,\u00a0\u00a0 d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm,\u00a0\u00a0 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00a0\u00a0 pl\u00e2n\u0131yla\u00a0 anlat\u0131p\u00a0 bir\u00a0 sonuca\u00a0 ba\u011flayan\u00a0 \u00f6yk\u00fclerdir.\u00a0 Kahramanlar\u00a0 ve \u00e7evrenin\u00a0 tasvirine\u00a0 yer verilir\u00a0\u00a0 Bir\u00a0 fikir\u00a0 verilmeye\u00a0 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r; okuyucuda\u00a0 merak\u00a0\u00a0 ve heyecan\u00a0 uyand\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bu\u00a0\u00a0 t\u00fcr,\u00a0 Frans\u0131z\u00a0 yazar Guy de Maupassant ( Guy d\u00f6 Mopasan) taraf\u0131ndan\u00a0\u00a0 yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0 i\u00e7in\u00a0 \u201cMaupassant\u00a0 \u00a0Tarz\u0131\u00a0 Hik\u00e2ye\u201d\u00a0 de\u00a0 denir<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bu\u00a0 tarz\u0131n\u00a0 bizdeki\u00a0 en\u00a0 \u00f6nemli\u00a0 temsilcileri: \u00d6mer Seyfettin<\/a>, Refik Halit Karay<\/a>, H\u00fcseyin Rahmi G\u00fcrp\u0131nar<\/a>\u00a0<\/a>\u00a0ve\u00a0\u00a0Re\u015fat\u00a0 Nuri\u00a0 G\u00fcntekin<\/a>\u2019dir..<\/p>\n

2)\u00a0 DURUM\u00a0\u00a0 ( KES\u0130T\u00a0 )\u00a0 H\u0130K\u00c2YES\u0130: <\/strong><\/span>Bir olay\u0131\u00a0 de\u011fil\u00a0g\u00fcnl\u00fck\u00a0 ya\u015fam\u0131n\u00a0 her\u00a0 hangi\u00a0 bir\u00a0 kesitini\u00a0\u00a0 ele\u00a0 al\u0131p\u00a0 anlatan\u00a0 \u00f6yk\u00fclerdir\u00a0\u00a0 Serim,\u00a0 d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm,\u00a0 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00a0 plan\u0131na\u00a0 uyulmaz\u00a0 Belli\u00a0 bir\u00a0 sonucu\u00a0 da\u00a0 yoktur. Merak\u00a0 ve\u00a0 heyecandan\u00a0 \u00e7ok\u00a0 duygu\u00a0 ve\u00a0 hayallere\u00a0 yer\u00a0 verilir;\u00a0 fikre\u00a0 \u00f6nem\u00a0\u00a0 verilmez,\u00a0 ki\u015filer\u00a0 kendi\u00a0 do\u011fal\u00a0 ortamlar\u0131nda\u00a0 hissettirilir.\u00a0 Olaylar\u0131n ve\u00a0 durumlar\u0131n\u00a0 ak\u0131\u015f\u0131\u00a0 okuyucunun\u00a0 hayal\u00a0 g\u00fcc\u00fcne\u00a0 b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Bu\u00a0 tarz\u0131n\u00a0 d\u00fcnya\u00a0 edebiyat\u0131nda\u00a0 ilk temsilcisi\u00a0\u00a0 Rus\u00a0 yazar\u00a0 Anton\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00c7ehov\u00a0\u00a0 oldu\u011fu\u00a0\u00a0 i\u00e7in\u00a0 \u201c\u00c7ehov\u00a0\u00a0 Tarz\u0131\u00a0\u00a0 Hik\u00e2ye\u201d\u00a0 de denir.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bizdeki\u00a0 en\u00a0 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc\u00a0 temsilcileri :\u00a0Sait\u00a0 Faik\u00a0 Abas\u0131yan\u0131k,\u00a0\u00a0Memduh\u00a0\u00a0 \u015eevket\u00a0 Esendal \u00a0ve Tar\u0131k\u00a0 Bu\u011fra\u2019d\u0131r<\/p>\n

YUKARIDAK\u0130 D\u00d6K\u00dcMANIN DEVAMINI A\u015eA\u011eIDAK\u0130 BA\u011eLANTIYI TIKLAYARAK \u0130ND\u0130REB\u0130L\u0130RS\u0130N\u0130Z.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hikaye, \u00d6zellikleri, Yap\u0131 Unsurlar\u0131<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

(G\u00f6n\u00fcl BATTAL)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Hikaye<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>ya da\u00a0\u00a0H<\/span><\/a>ikayeler<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Sayfas\u0131na D\u00f6n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da dosyan\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. A\u00e7\u0131klama:\u00a0Say\u0131n G\u00f6n\u00fcl Battal \u00f6\u011fretmenimiz, hikaye ile ilgili olarak \u00f6\u011frencilerimizin bilmesi gereken t\u00fcm bilgileri tek bir dosyada toplam\u0131\u015f. Bu dosyada \u00f6\u011fretmenimiz, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-84","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-genel"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xn--edebiyatgretmeni-twb.net\/edebiyat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/84","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xn--edebiyatgretmeni-twb.net\/edebiyat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xn--edebiyatgretmeni-twb.net\/edebiyat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xn--edebiyatgretmeni-twb.net\/edebiyat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xn--edebiyatgretmeni-twb.net\/edebiyat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=84"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.xn--edebiyatgretmeni-twb.net\/edebiyat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/84\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xn--edebiyatgretmeni-twb.net\/edebiyat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=84"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xn--edebiyatgretmeni-twb.net\/edebiyat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=84"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xn--edebiyatgretmeni-twb.net\/edebiyat\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=84"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}